LIFE PROCESSES:
NUTRITION, INTERACTION, REPRODUCTION
FOUR SYSTEMS TAKE PART IN NUTRITION: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM, EXCRETORY SYSTEM, RESPIRATORY SYSTEM, CIRCULATORY SYSTEM.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DIGESTION IS THE PROCESS BY WHICH OUR BODY CHANGES FOOD INTO NUTRIENTS.
TO KNOW MORE...
1. DIGESTION BEGINS IN THE MOUTH: OUR TEETH CHEW FOOD AND WE MIX THIS FOOD WITH SALIVA.
2. FOOD TRAVELS DOWN THE PHARYNX AND THE ESOPHAGUS TO THE STOMACH.
3. IN THE STOMACH FOOD MIXES WITH GASTRIC JUICES TO TURN FOOD INTO A THICK LIQUID.
4. THIS THICK LIQUID TRAVELS TO THE SMALL INTESTINE. THE SMALL INTESTINE BREAKS DOWN FOOD MIXTURE EVEN MORE.
5. THE LIVER AND THE PANCREAS SEND JUICES AND BILE TO THE SMALL INTESTINE.
6. NUTRIENTS ENTER THE BLOOD THROUGH VILLI.
7. WASTE SUBSTANCES GO TO THE LARGE INTESTINE. THE LARGE INTESTINE USES WATER TO CHANGE FOOD INTO FAECES.
8. THE FECES LEAVE THE BODY THROUGH THE ANUS.
THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM
The excretory system eliminates waste substances through urine and sweat.
TO KNOW MORE...
The excretory system is made up of urinary system and sweat glands.
URINARY SYSTEM
PARTS
PARTS
PROCESS
1. BLOOD ENTERS THE KIDNEYS.
2. KIDNEYS FILTER THE BLOOD REMOVING WASTE SUBSTANCES FROM BLOOD.
3. WASTE SUBSTANCES TOGETHER WITH WATER BECOME URINE.
4. URETERS TAKE URINE FROM THE KIDNEYS TO THE BLADDER.
5. BLADDER STORES URINE.
6. URINE GOES OUT OF THE BODY THROUGH THE URETHRA.
SWEAT GLANDS
1. THE BODY PRODUCES SWEAT IN THE SWEAT GLANDS.
2. SWEAT IS WATER TOGETHER WITH WASTE SUBSTANCES.
3. SWEAT GLANDS ARE ALL OVER OUR SKIN.
4. SWEAT LEAVES THE BODY THROUGH SMALL HOLES CALLED PORES.
5. WE SWEAT TO REGULATE BODY TEMPERATURE.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
TAKES OXYGEN AND RELEASE OTHER GASES
OUR RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
TO KNOW MORE...
1. AIR ENTERS THE NOSE AND MOUTH AND GOES DOWN TO THE LUNGS.
2. INSIDE THE NOSE WE HAVE THE NOSTRILS. IN THE NOSTRILS WE HAVE SMALL HAIRS THAT STOP DIRT PARTICLES REACHING THE LUNGS.
3. AIR GOES DOWN THE PHARYNX.
4. AIR PASSES THE LARYNX WHERE WE HAVE THE VOCAL CORDS. VOCAL CORDS MAKE SOUNDS WHEN WE SPEAK.
5. AIR GOES DOWN THE WIND PIPE (OR TRACHEA). IT IS A TUBE THAT SEPARATES IN TWO TUBES CALLED BRONCHI.
6. BRONCHI CONNECT THE WIND PIPE TO THE LUNGS.
7. BRONCHI SEPARATES INTO MANY SMALL CAVITIES CALLED ALVEOLI.
8. ALVEOLI EXCHANGE GASES: TAKE OXYGEN AND RELEASE CARBON DIOXIDE.
MUSCLES THAT HELP US TO BREATHE
INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES: BETWEEN THE RIBS.
INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES: BETWEEN THE RIBS.
DIAPHRAGM: UNDER THE LUNGS
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM MOVES SUBSTANCES AROUND THE BODY:
Circulatory System
Aparato Circulatorio
TO KNOW MORE...
IT TAKES OXYGEN AND NUTRIENTS TO ALL PARTS OF THE BODY
PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM:AND HELPS REMOVE WASTE SUBSTANCES FROM THE BODY.
BLOOD
BLOOD VESSELS
HEART
BLOOD CIRCULATES THROUGH TUBES CALLED BLOOD VESSELS.
THE HEART IS THE ORGAN THAT PUSHES BLOOD ROUND THE BODY
THE HEART IS AN ORGAN THE SIZE OF A FIST
IT IS BETWEEN THE TWO LUNGS
THE HEARTBEAT IS THE SOUND OF THE HEART AS IT CONTRACTS AND RELAXES.
REPRODUCTION
MALE AND FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS
MALE SEX REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS AND FEMALE SEX REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS
TAKE PART IN REPRODUCTION.
 |
| Añadir título |
TO KNOW MORE...
MALES AND FEMALES HAVE DIFFERENT REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS:
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (INTERNAL ORGANS):
OVARIES: INTERNAL ORGANS NEAR THE HIPS.
OVARIES STORE AND PRODUCE OVA (FEMALE SEX CELLS)
FALLOPIAN TUBES CONNECT THE OVARIES TO THE UTERUS.
UTERUS: SPACE IN THE STOMACH. IT IS CONNECTED TO THE OVARIES.
THE FOETUS GROWN INSIDE THE UTERUS DURING PREGNANCY.
VAGINA: CONNECTS THE UTERUS TOT HE OUTSIDE OF THE BODY.
VULVA: EXTERNAL ORGAN THAT COVERS THE OPENING OF THE VAGINA.
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (EXTERNAL ORGANS)
TESTICLES ARE INSIDE A SKIN SAC (SCROTUM)
PENIS IS CONNECTED TO THE TESTICLES BY SMALL TUBES.
THERE IS A SMALL TUBE INSIDE THE PENIS CALLED
SPERM AND PASS THROUGH THE URETHRA TO THE OUTSIDE OF THE BODY.
HOW ARE WE BORN
AT PUBERTY, OVARIES BEGIN TO RELEASE OVA INTO THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM.
TESTICLES BEGIN TO PRODUCE SPERM
FROM THE MOMENT IN WHICH OVARIES PRODUCE OVA AND TESTICLES PRODUCE SPERM MEN AND WOMEN ARE FERTILE AND CAN REPRODUCE.
THE SPERM GOES INTO THE WOMAN'S REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM AND FERTILISES THE OVUM.
HOW LIFE BEGINS
FERTILIZATION
FERTILIZATION BEGINS WITH THE UNION OF THE SPERM AND THE OVUM (OVULE).
IT TAKES PLACE IN THE FALLOPIAN TUBES.
PREGNANCY
PREGNANCY BEGINS AFTER FERTILIZATION.
DURING PREGNANCY THE BABY GROWS INSIDE THE MOTHER'S UTERUS DURING NINE MONTHS.
THE FUTURE BABY IS CALLED EMBRYO.
THE EMBRYO IS PROTECTED INSIDE A SAC OF LIQUID CALLED THE AMNIOTIC SAC.
FOOD AND OXYGEN REACH THE EMBRYO THROUGH THE PLACENTA.
THE UMBILICAL CORD CONNECTS THE EMBRYO TO THE PLACENTA.
WHEN THE EMBRYO ORGANS DEVELOP IT IS CALLED FOETUS.
BIRTH
AFTER NINE MONTHS OF PREGNANCY, A FOETUS IS FULLY FORMED.
THE FOETUS MOVES ITS HEAD TO THE OPENING OF THE UTERUS AND PREPARES TO GO OUT.
AS BIRTH BEGINS, THE AMNIOTIC SAC BREAKS AND LIQUID LEAVES THE MOTHER'S BODY.
THE FOETUS LEAVES THE BODY THROUGH THE VAGINA.
No hay comentarios:
Publicar un comentario